Abstract
Currently, there are no epidemiological studies in Thailand on type 1 diabetes and diabetes diagnosed before the age of 30 Long-term studies in Thai children and adolescents have been published periodically. less 5 years ago. Recent evidence has shown that the ratio of type 2 diabetes in Thai children has increased as well as type 1 diabetes. The etiology and clinical features of diabetes in children and adolescents are tendency to change according to environmental factors and lifestyles. The study of type 1 diabetes in all ages and diabetes diagnosed as young as 30 years old consists of two sub-projects: Sub-project 1: Basic patient data collection for registering diabetic patients who are admitted to network hospitals nationwide. Basic laboratory data from the patient's blood was analyzed. Epidemiological analysis and measurement of autoantibodies against 3 islets antigens, GAD65, IA2 and ZnT8 in the laboratory to know the incidence of type 1 diabetes. Subproject 2 Study molecular genetics of diabetics diagnosed before the age of 30 years by studying patients with clinical characteristics compatible with NDM and MODY together with negative autoantibodies results. The prevalence of T1D, NDM and MODY diabetes in the Thai population can be used to diagnose and treat diabetics, especially personalized medicine. A total of 4,749 people registered for type 1 diabetes and diabetes diagnosed before the age of 30 in Thailand from 84 network hospitals across Thailand, and 1,337 specimens were obtained from 1,337 diabetic patients diagnosed before the age of 30, with clinical diagnosis of diabetes divided into type 1 diabetes 868 cases (64.9%), type 2 diabetes 314 cases (23.5%), 72 cases of MODY diabetes (5.4%) and 83 cases (6.2%) of unspecified diabetes. In the study of autoantibodies against three types of islets antigens, namely GAD65, IA2 and ZnT8, 868 patients with type 1 diabetes tested positive 529 cases (60.9%). Autoantibodies tests in type 1 diabetes patients showed 449 GAD antibody positives (51.7%). 301 IA2 antibody positive cases (34.7%) 267 cases (30.8%) were positive for ZnT8 antibody. Patients with clinical characteristics compatible with MODY diabetes, where diabetes is transmitted in a distinctive family and no autoantibodies were found in 29 islets antigens. Based sequencing analysis by exome sequencing revealed gene variation associated with previously reported diabetes. Another 20 MODY patients have not found a previously reported pathogenic gene (MODYX). This study, systematic nationwide, is a preclinical and scientific study that directly contributes to Thailand's cognition related to diagnosed diabetes under 3 0 years of age in Thailand. It can be used as an empirical reference and may lead to the formulation of appropriate public health policies related to diagnosis. Treatment and prevention of diabetes in young people in Thailand as well.
