Abstract
This study used a mixed methods design. Cross-sectional study and quasiexperimental study pretest-posttest control groups were used. The objectives were
1) to examine the prevalence of Long Covid, 2) to identify factors related to Long Covid,
3) to develop a self-management program to prevent Long COVID symptoms and
4) evaluated the effects of the self-management program. The samples were randomly
selected from 238 COVID-19 patients living in the Thonburi district. Data were collected
by self-administered questionnaires and health screening. The questionnaires were
1) Severity of Long Covid, 2) Dyspnea scale; mMRC 3) Insomnia severity index; ISI,
4) Depression 9Q 5) Generalized anxiety disorder; GAD-7 6) Thai Mental State Examination;
TMSE 7) Self-management to prevent Long Covid scale 8) Knowledge of Long Covid
scale. The intervention was the self-management program to prevent Long COVID
symptoms via the application line Long Covid with health information 7 symptoms.
25 COVID-19 patients in the treatment group received the self-management program
compared with the control group who received usual care. Descriptive Statistics and chisquare statistics were used to investigate the factors related to Long Covid. Independent
t-tests and Paired t-tests were used to compare knowledge and self-management
between the treatment and the control group after receiving the program at a significant
P-value of 0.05.
The results showed that;
1. The sample had at least 1 symptom of Long Covid symptoms, 165 patients
(69.03%)and had not of Long Covid symptoms, 74, patients (31.55%)
2. Factors that related to Long Covid symptoms were marital status (x² = .543,
p < .05), and smoking (x² = .299, p < .05)3
3. After receiving the intervention, the experimental group had a knowledge score
and Self-management to prevent Long Covid symptoms score higher than the control
group with a significant level (t = 2.508, p < .05; t = 4.307, p < .001)
4. After receiving the intervention, the experimental group had a knowledge
score, and Self-management to prevent Long Covid symptoms scored higher than before
received intervention with a significant level (t = 3.098, p < .01 และ t = 4.781, p < .001),
5. The control group had a knowledge score and Self-management to prevent
Long Covid symptoms score no difference before and after receiving the intervention.
(t = 1.755, p = .092 and t = 1.915, p = .067
6. The effectiveness of the LINE self-management application to prevent longterm COVID-19 in the experimental group found that the mean was 4.70 (SD .33) at an excellent level.
