Abstract
Rotavirus is the leading cause of diarrhea in developed and developing countries. It is
estimated that every year there will be 215,000 deaths from rotavirus diarrhea worldwide, mostly
in children younger than 5 years old. Besides causing diarrhea in humans, rotavirus can also cause
diarrhea in animals especially for economic animals such as pigs, cows, chickens, and ducks.
Rotavirus genome consists of 11 genes, and reassortment has easily occurred. Currently, new strains
of rotavirus caused by reassortment of rotavirus genes have been found in humans and mammals,
especially cows, pigs, and horse at high rates than other animals and the current rotavirus vaccine
may not protect against this new strain. The aim of this study is to study of strains and genomic
properties of rotavirus causing diarrhea in humans and mammals and to analyze the evolutionary
mutation of the rotavirus. During 3 July 2022 – 3 October 2023, 857 stool samples were collected
from Nakhon Pathom Ratchaburi and Udonthani provinces, 339 stools were collected from diarrhea
cases and 518 stools were collected from diarrheic cow, pig and horse. 857 samples were subjected
to detect rotavirus by conventional RT-PCR, and 110 samples were positive rotavirus. 94 samples
from 110 samples were identified as group A rotavirus (RVA), and the other 16 is group C rotavirus
(RVC). Then 94 of RVA positive samples were subject to analyzed the VP7 and VP4 genes by Sanger
sequencing. The results shown that G3P[8] was found in human samples, and we found G1P[8],
G5P[6] and G8P[8] in small number. While the rotavirus from cow were G6P[11] and G10P[11], the
other genotype was found in small number is G1P[6] and G3P[8]. For the all 19 porcine rotavirus
were belong to G9P[13]. Then all 98 RVA were subject to perform the whole-genome characteristics
using Illumina Miseq. The whole genome analysis result shown that each of 11 genes of G3P[8] was
originated from human rotavirus. While the whole genome of G6P[11] and G10P[11] has reassortant
between human and bovine rotavirus among 11 genes.
