วิวัฒนาการของการป้องกันอุบัติเหตุจราจร

Abstract

The evolution of traffic accident preventionThe research on the evolution of traffic accident prevention is aimed at 1)reviewing the evolution of the intervention for accident prevention in Thailand and 3 provinces of Nakorn Sawan Khon Kaen and Phuket 2)studying their achievements 3)studying the stratefies conditioned for the achievement especially the mechanism and infrastucture essential for the intervention including other environmental conditions, factors and process and 4)studying the relationship pattern of the allies involving in the program. Population and sample were persons involving in the intervention. Sample were obtained from purposive sampling method. This research was focused on qualitative approach with the support of quantitative data for further explanation. The documentary study and in-dept interview import methods used. Basic statistics is used in the quantitative data analysis to reflect the changes of accident episodes in various time period. Qualitative data was analysed by logical analysis and discriminant analysis, if applicable. The Haddron Matrix was used in accident analysis. The strategy of accident prevention was analysed by using the Ottawa Charter with the intergration with the Health Promotion Strategy Analysis Model.The results were as followed. 1.The Evolution of the ccident at National Level. In 1983, the National Safety Council of Thailand (NSCT) has been srt up. Eight years later in 1991 the council has been promoted to be set up at provincial level. In 1992, The RTG formulated a plan to construct the 4 - lanes highways in the nationwide major routes Consequently followed by the legal enforcement of the third party insurance act and the hazardous material act. In 1995 Safety Belt Law and safety helmet law were launched accompanied with the extensive laboratory investigation for detecting the amphetamine abuse among drivers. Later, the safety belt law was validated through out the country. 2.Evolution of Traffic Accident Prevention in Khon Kaen. The pioneer era (1986-1991) began when the traumatic unit faced with the injury problem from accident. In order to manage it, the unit had coorperation with community hospital of its network in data collecting and launching the program for Integrated Provincial Trauma Service through the improvement of recording system for accident injuries and development of sound service system for the patients and the rallies for accident prevention. 3.Evolution of the accident Prevention in Phuket. The era of the traditional mining community (before 1987). Communitues in Phuket were engaged in mining being pioneered by groups of chinese families who settled formining work. When the mining ore was replaced the importance by the tourism, the accident rate had increased. The committee and sub-committee for accident prevention had been established. 4.Evolution of accident Prevention at Ban Wan Khoi of Nakorn Sawan. The initiative era. At Ban Wang Khoi, the evolution began with the work of a group of village health volunteers in analysing for the problem solving in their community, as a part of the Nakorn Sawan Project, which they found that accident, especially from pesticide, was their major problem. Consequently, there was a campaign to solve it.