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ศักยภาพอาสาสมัครสาธารณสุขในสถานการณ์การเปลี่ยนแปลง : การสังเคราะห์ความรู้สู่ยุทธศาสตร์การพัฒนา

สำนักวิจัยสังคมและสุขภาพ; โกมาตร จึงเสถียรทรัพย์; Komatra Chuengsatiansup;
Date: 2549
Abstract
This study aims to assess the existing potentials of village health volunteers in Thailand in the context of changes. The research process involved the review of related situation both from relevant documents and from a technical workshop with experienced health workers. Commissioned papers were assigned to potential researchers in various areas of inquiry such as the changing situation in community health, the historical evolution of the concept of health volunteers in Thailand, community volunteer in the context of emerging diseases, as well as the review of supporting system for village heatlh volunteers. A quantitative study was also undertaken to identify existing performance, incentives, and obstacles of village health volunteers. In addition, in order to identify future potential of health volunteers, interesting volunteer works in related health fields were identified. 15 case studies were documented and used as input for the final synthesis of developmental strategies. Findings of the study can be summarized in an eight-point synopsis. (1) Concept and operational model of village health volunteer was the product of historical development. As health situation and political landscape has changed in the past few decades, there was a need to reconceptualize the idea of health volunteer; (2) Village health volunteers in Thailand numbered almost a total of 800,000. It was an extremely valuable health resource. Village health volunteers were mostly selected by local communities. Although the recruitment of a number of them was relatively problematic, village health volunteers were mostly well respected by local villagers. Volunteers were generally selected because local people knew them as ones who devoted to collective affair and people trusted them. (3) Existing system of village health volunteer in Thailand was still very much alive and has become increasingly famininized. More than 35% of existing volunteers were recruited in less than five years, while the number of female volunteers rosed to almost 70%. (4) Existing village health volunteers performed comparatively well on short-termed task such as ad hoc health survey, periodic collecting data, or disease prevention campaign. They did not fare well in the area of work that need long-term, continuing devotion, such as caring of chronically ill patients. (5) Existing volunteer workforce was recruited from comparatively low educational and economic background. This poses the question, how could higher quality of volunteer workforce with an economic status more prepared to dedicate be recruited? (6) The changing supporting system and decentralization has greatly affected the relationship between health volunteers, local administration, and the role of Ministry of Health. Although a coordination mechanism was recently created at various levels, local health volunteers have little participation above the district level. (7) Village health volunteer has been apparently politicized and become instrumental in local and national politics. (8) A number of case studies suggested an increasing innovative roles and forms of volunteers in health development, ranging from volunteers in hospital settings to diaster relief volunteers. This strongly indicated that the idea of volunteer has been progressively more accepted in Thai society. The followings are recommendation for future development of health volunteers. (1) The Ministry of Public Health needs to shift its role from being the possessor of health volunteers to the role of promoting the idea of health volunteers in various appearances. (2) Support the formation of health volunteers in every field of health activities. Each and every organization in public health should be encouraged to create and organize its own network of volunteer workforce, rather than depending solely on village health volunteers as the only form of people participation. (3) Creat more spaces for volunteer work in various public health offices by promoting health organizations to open up more opportunity for volunteer work in the organizations (4) Pluralize forms of health volunteers in local communities. The standard operational model of village health volunteers, while contributed greatly to last few decades’ health accomplishment, has reached its limit. (5) Encourage public health officers to work as volunteer themselves as a way to promote volunteer spirit in public health organization. (6) Develop self-governing mechanism to make health volunteer a nonpartisan organization.
Copyright ผลงานวิชาการเหล่านี้เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของสถาบันวิจัยระบบสาธารณสุข หากมีการนำไปใช้อ้างอิง โปรดอ้างถึงสถาบันวิจัยระบบสาธารณสุข ในฐานะเจ้าของลิขสิทธิ์ตามพระราชบัญญัติสงวนลิขสิทธิ์สำหรับการนำงานวิจัยไปใช้ประโยชน์ในเชิงพาณิชย์
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HSRI Knowledge BankDashboardCommunities & CollectionsBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis CollectionBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsSubjectsการบริการสุขภาพ (Health Service Delivery) [619]กำลังคนด้านสุขภาพ (Health Workforce) [99]ระบบสารสนเทศด้านสุขภาพ (Health Information Systems) [286]ผลิตภัณฑ์ วัคซีน และเทคโนโลยีทางการแพทย์ (Medical Products, Vaccines and Technologies) [125]ระบบการเงินการคลังด้านสุขภาพ (Health Systems Financing) [158]ภาวะผู้นำและการอภิบาล (Leadership and Governance) [1281]ปัจจัยสังคมกำหนดสุขภาพ (Social Determinants of Health: SDH) [228]วิจัยระบบสุขภาพ (Health System Research) [28]ระบบวิจัยสุขภาพ (Health Research System) [20]

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