ทบทวนสถานการณ์ปัจจุบันของภาวะเชื้อดื้อยาต้านจุลชีพในประเทศไทย

Abstract

The effective control of infectious diseases is seriously threatened by the sustained increase in the number of antimicrobial resistant microorganisms. Once resistance has emerged in a population, it can spread geographically. The problem is particularly severe in developing countries, where patients have inadequate access to or are unable to afford second–line treatments. Because these are typically more expensive, the economic impact of drug resistance in developing countries may be substantial.Antimicrobial resistance is a global challenge, even not a new phenomenon. It is important for governments to ensure that the effectiveness of our current arsenal of anti–infectives is not depleted too rapidly. Many activities have been implemented in attempts to control the spread of antimicrobial resistance in Thailand, but little evidence of widespread success exists nonetheless. The magnitude and the trend of the problem of the antimicrobial resistance in Thailand were the focus of the study. The past and current attempt to tackle and solve problems on the antimicrobial resistance in Thailand was initially mapped. Then the research areas and the strategies to move forward to control the antimicrobial resistance were summarized.At the end, the report suggests a range of efforts that can reorganize incentives and lead to increase changes in how patients, doctors, hospitals, and drug companies regard and use antibiotics. There is a possible role for health insurance systems in employing reimbursement methods that do not encourage overuse of antibiotics. There is an important role for physicians and medical associations to adopt standards that would discourage inappropriate antibiotic use. And there is a clear role for government—to promote careful demonstration projects, including providing incentives, to push hospitals to engage in better infection control and pharmaceutical makers to boost antibiotic research. Just as important, public awareness campaigns are needed to educate parents, doctors, clinics, and patients about the threat of drug resistant infections.