Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors during the perinatal and the first year postnatal period that were associated with metabolic syndrome at the age of 30 of offspring. Methods: We invited offspring whose mother had participated in a study of Chiang Mai Low Birth Weight Study (CMLBWS) in 30 years follow-up. History, physical exam, and blood sampling were collected to determine whether participants have metabolic syndrome. We analyzed the association between the perinatal-postnatal risk factors and metabolic syndrome (MS). The risk factors included the history of the small for gestational age (SGA), history of rapid growth in weight during the first year of life (catch-up growth), maternal body mass index, weight gain during pregnancy, gestational age, and maternal age. The Local Research Ethics Committee approved the study and participants gave written consent. Results: Three hundred and seventy mother and 418 offspring agreed to participate in the present study. Two hundred offspring were males and 218 were females. The mean age was 30.75 years old. There were 72 offspring (17.22%) with MS and 5 offspring were SGA (6.94%). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of MS between offspring with SGA (19.23%) and normal birth weight (17.09%) (p = 0.780). The percentage of MS in offspring with a history of catch-up growth and without catch-up growth was 22.22% and 15.83%, respectively. However, this trend was not statistically significant difference (p = 0.503). In addition, it was also found that other factors in mothers during the pregnancy had association with occurrence of MS in offsprings. Offsprings, who their mothers had a history of high body mass index, had an association with the occurrence of MS in offsprings than those without such history. Conclusion: Maternal body mass index of mothers during pregnancy were associated with MS. There was a none statistically significant trend between catch-up growth and MS. However, no association was found between birth weight and MS.
