Abstract
Background Drug classification should not consider only accessibility but also the risks associated with
drug use as a classification criterion. This study aims to examine the pain points and concepts related to
household medicine classification criteria in Thailand.
Methods This research employs a multi-method qualitative approach comprising two phases. Phase 1
involves a literature review of Thailand's household medicine classification criteria over the past 20 years
(2005-2024), analyzing the conceptual framework of the criteria. Phase 2 consists of in-depth interviews
with stakeholders involved in establishing household medicine classification criteria. Content analysis was
performed, followed by a synthesis of findings from both phases to develop policy recommendations
addressing gaps in the current Thai household medicine classification system.
Results Previous household medicine classification criteria in Thailand were established based on two
types of data: (1) epidemiological disease data, which indicates the public health necessity for basic selfcare
and drug accessibility, and (2) drug safety data, which is determined by various risk factors including
drug abuse, antimicrobial resistance, and severe adverse reactions. Results from in-depth interviews
identified gaps in the household medicine classification criteria, specifically the need for risk-benefit study
data and therapeutic category information that aligns with current treatment guidelines. However, criteria
improvements should involve public consultation with citizens, who are directly affected by drug
classification in terms of self-care, drug accessibility, and drug information access. Additionally,
consultation with pharmaceutical manufacturers is necessary, as changes may impact drug production
processes, production costs, and manufacturing feasibility, ensuring alignment with public needs.
Conclusion Future classification criteria should maintain a balance between improving drug accessibility
and maintaining public safety, while considering the dynamic nature of medical advances and evolving
healthcare needs. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and healthcare authorities in
developing more robust and responsive drug classification systems in Thailand.
