Abstract
The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the pharmacist activities, components and effectiveness of a pharmaceutical care intervention, compared with medical treatment in patients who had been diagnosed as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder or anxiety disorder. Mesh term and relevant keywords were employed in searching of data from databases including Medline, IPA, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Thai Index Medicus, and HITAP databases. Both national and international literature published during January 2001 to February 2018 was included in this systematic review. The quality of the randomized control trial (RCT) and non-randomized control trial (non-RCT) were assessed by the risk of bias and risk of bias in non-randomized studies-of interventions (ROBINS–I) assessment tool, respectively. Twenty-six studies that met the inclusion criteria were conducted in three settings including primary care unit, drugstore, and hospital. The present study found that the pharmaceutical care intervention did not affect the economic, clinical, and humanistic outcome, however it possibly improved better adherence than that medical treatment in a hospital setting. However, using only 3 components of pharmaceutical care interventions (assessing drug problems, modifying medications and monitoring efficacy, and preventing adverse effect) does not have a positive impact on psychiatric patients. The psychiatric patients need to be cared by the multi-disciplinary approach to achieve holistic health on individual covering physical, psychological, social and psycho-spiritual dimensions.
