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Demonstrative Application of Information System Equipped with Operative Community Citizen Science for Risk Management of Vulnerable Populations in Nan Province from Transboundary Acid and Mercury Deposition by Hongsa Coal-fired Power Plant in Lao PDR

ธนพล เพ็ญรัตน์; Tanapon Phenrat; วิน ไตรวิทยานุรักษ์; Win Trivitayanurak; มนุพัศ โลหิตนาวี; Manupat Lohitnavy; ศรัณย์พร เกิดเกาะ; Saranporn Kirdkoh; พิชชาภา วงศ์คำลือ; Phichapa Wongkumlue; วรากร มณีชูเกตุ; Warakorn Maneechuket;
Date: 2568-05
Abstract
This research investigated the implementation of a citizen science system for monitoring and managing risks from transboundary acid gas and mercury deposition in Nan Province, Thailand. The study aimed to transform from a "demonstration" to an "operational problemsolving system." A network of 28 citizen science trainers across seven villages collected 1,210 data entries, which were analyzed through the C-Site monitoring system integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) technology. Soil analyses revealed topsoil (0-5 cm) pH values below 5.5 in nearly all study areas, exhibiting significant negative correlations with plant disease occurrence (p < 0.01). Statistical analyses demonstrated that decreasing pH values strongly correlated with increased incidence of grain discoloration (r = -0.67) and leaf blight in rice and corn (r = -0.62). Methylmercury bioaccumulation in fish ranged from 0.01-0.49 mg/kg, with fin-feather fish from the Nan River in Thung Chang District exceeding safety standards (0.49 mg/kg). Rice samples showed methylmercury accumulation ranging from non-detectable to 0.03 mg/kg, below safety standards (0.1 mg/kg). The research identified distinct bioaccumulation patterns along the Nan River, with increasing methylmercury concentration from upstream to downstream. Carnivorous fish exhibited significantly higher accumulation than herbivorous fish (0.09 vs. 0.04 mg/kg, p < 0.001), and fish in flowing water environments showed greater concentrations than those in still water (0.09 vs. 0.05 mg/kg, p < 0.01). For rice, dark-colored native varieties (Kho Lai Dam and Khem) demonstrated higher mercury accumulation than common varieties, and lowland rice contained significantly more mercury than upland rice (p < 0.05). Statistical analyses revealed significant positive correlations between mercury deposition patterns from the AERMOD dispersion model and methylmercury accumulation in both fish (r = 0.64, p < 0.01) and rice (r = 0.58, p < 0.05). Areas with high predicted mercury deposition consistently showed elevated methylmercury levels in the food chain, demonstrating a clear link between transboundary pollution and food web contamination. Soil acidity analysis identified combined factors of acid rain and ammonium fertilizer usage, with border areas more significantly impacted by acid rain. The project established effective data transfer mechanisms to government agencies, creating functional collaborations between citizen science networks and seven government institutions. This integration enabled the incorporation of citizen science data into routine operations and targeted interventions. The research demonstrates that citizen science represents a cost-effective, high-coverage tool for monitoring and managing transboundary pollution, particularly in remote areas with limited government access. This model offers a replicable framework for addressing environmental challenges in similar contexts globally.
Copyright ผลงานวิชาการเหล่านี้เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของสถาบันวิจัยระบบสาธารณสุข หากมีการนำไปใช้อ้างอิง โปรดอ้างถึงสถาบันวิจัยระบบสาธารณสุข ในฐานะเจ้าของลิขสิทธิ์ตามพระราชบัญญัติสงวนลิขสิทธิ์สำหรับการนำงานวิจัยไปใช้ประโยชน์ในเชิงพาณิชย์
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