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The Role of Key Stakeholders in the Introduction of the Government Use of Patents for Essential Medicines in Thailand

ศรีเพ็ญ ตันติเวสส; Sripen Tantivess; นุศราพร เกษสมบูรณ์; Nusaraporn Kessomboon; โชติรส ละอองบัว; Chotiros Laongbua;
Date: 2551
Abstract
In late 2006 and early 2007, the Thai government announced its intention to introduce the use by the government of patents for three pharmaceutical products: two antiretrovirals (ARVs) and an anti-thrombotic drug. This action, which was aimed at improving access to essential medicines in the public sector, complied with the flexibilities of the Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). By employing qualitative approaches, this study assesses the involvement of key stakeholders in the policy process. This analysis suggests that the idea of enforcing TRIPS flexibilities for expanded access to essential medicines in Thailand was adopted as a public policy when the new government took office after a change in the political system in September 2006. This policy obtained significant support from non-governmental organizations in the health sector, patient groups and academics, both inside and outside the country. However, the action by Thailand was strongly opposed by patent-holding companies, the multinational medical industry and their national governments. The contributions from civil society were managed in several forms, such as technical and information support and demonstrations to advocate the policy. Meanwhile, powerful nations introduced trade retaliation and put political pressure on the Thai side. Global concern about the unaffordable costs of patented medicines that hampered access to essential health care in the South was beneficial to the enforcement of the government use provision. The potential diffusion of this policy from Thailand to other developing countries triggered serious opposition from stakeholders who lost their benefits.
Copyright ผลงานวิชาการเหล่านี้เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของสถาบันวิจัยระบบสาธารณสุข หากมีการนำไปใช้อ้างอิง โปรดอ้างถึงสถาบันวิจัยระบบสาธารณสุข ในฐานะเจ้าของลิขสิทธิ์ตามพระราชบัญญัติสงวนลิขสิทธิ์สำหรับการนำงานวิจัยไปใช้ประโยชน์ในเชิงพาณิชย์
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HSRI Knowledge BankDashboardCommunities & CollectionsBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis CollectionBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsSubjectsการบริการสุขภาพ (Health Service Delivery) [619]กำลังคนด้านสุขภาพ (Health Workforce) [99]ระบบสารสนเทศด้านสุขภาพ (Health Information Systems) [286]ผลิตภัณฑ์ วัคซีน และเทคโนโลยีทางการแพทย์ (Medical Products, Vaccines and Technologies) [125]ระบบการเงินการคลังด้านสุขภาพ (Health Systems Financing) [158]ภาวะผู้นำและการอภิบาล (Leadership and Governance) [1281]ปัจจัยสังคมกำหนดสุขภาพ (Social Determinants of Health: SDH) [228]วิจัยระบบสุขภาพ (Health System Research) [28]ระบบวิจัยสุขภาพ (Health Research System) [20]

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