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An Outbreak of Viral Hepatitis A in Wiangpapao District, Chiang Rai Province, 2005

สมบูรณ์ พันธ์วงค์; Somboon Phanwong; สิทธิศักดิ์ คำศรีสุข; Sithisak Kamsrisuk; บงการ ชัยชาญ; Bonggan Chaichan; วัชรพงษ์ คำหล้า; Wacharapong Kamla; ราตรี ชัยวรรณะ; Ratree Chaiwanna; นพภาพงษ์ พงษ์สุภาพ; Nopphapong Pongsuparp; ชาญชัย ผิวสอาด; Chanchai Pewsaard;
Date: 2551
Abstract
During the period February - August 2005, an outbreak of viral hepatitis A occurred in Wiangpapao district, Chiang Rai Province. An investigation was promptly carried out in order to determine the source of disease transmission and provide preventive and control measures. The medical records and investigation forms of the persons diagnosed with viral hepatitis A during the outbreak were reviewed. An environmental survey was conducted in those areas. Proportions and attack rates were used to present the results of the analysis. A total of 1,308 cases of hepatitis with two deaths were detected during the outbreak. One case with diabetes mellitus died from hyperglycemia and the other died of scrub typhus. Children aged 5-14 years had the highest attack rate (7.5 %). The male-to-female ratio was about 1.6:1. The cases were reported from all subdistricts in Wiangpao district. Only two cases were reported in February 2005 and a number of cases were found in April and May 2005. Of the 438 cases examined for IgM anti-hepatitis A virus, 361 (82.4%) were positive. Contaminated ice might have been the source of transmission since a lot of cases reported that they had consumed ice produced by one factory in the district. Samples of ice from that factory were found it to be harbouring the causative organisms. Preventive and control measures included the establishment of a war room for planning and supporting the activities, making improvements in food hygiene and environmental sanitation through good cooperation with local community leaders/ schools/ owners of food, drinking water, and ice-production factories, fostering health education and a campaign for disease prevention and control, and carrying out surveillance for cases of infection in the areas concerned. The outbreak was curtailed after intensive preventive and control measures had been introduced. Continuous surveillance of food handlers and water, the conduct of health education campaigns advocating food safety among the public, and improvements in sanitation are essential activities for preventing or at least reducing the number of future outbreaks of food- and water-borne diseases.
Copyright ผลงานวิชาการเหล่านี้เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของสถาบันวิจัยระบบสาธารณสุข หากมีการนำไปใช้อ้างอิง โปรดอ้างถึงสถาบันวิจัยระบบสาธารณสุข ในฐานะเจ้าของลิขสิทธิ์ตามพระราชบัญญัติสงวนลิขสิทธิ์สำหรับการนำงานวิจัยไปใช้ประโยชน์ในเชิงพาณิชย์
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